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What Happened on March 12

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Suharto rises to power in Indonesia
Suharto, who had previously served as army chief of staff, seized the opportunity to consolidate his power and become the country’s de facto ruler. He was officially appointed president in 1968, and he would go on to rule Indonesia for more than three decades.

Hitler invades Austria
Anschluss, or the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany, which took place on March 12, 1938. Adolf Hitler, who was born in Austria, had long desired to unify the country with Germany. When Austria’s chancellor, Kurt von Schuschnigg, attempted to resist Nazi pressure, Hitler threatened to invade. Schuschnigg was forced to resign, and his successor, Arthur Seyss-Inquart, invited German troops to enter Austria.

Mahatma Gandhi embarks on his Salt March
Mahatma Gandhi began his Salt March, as a way to peacefully protest the British colonial government’s salt tax. Gandhi and 78 of his followers set out on a 240-mile march from his ashram in Ahmedabad to the coastal village of Dandi. Along the way, they picked up more and more supporters, until tens of thousands of people joined the march.

  • 1979 Pete Doherty
    English singer-songwriter, guitarist
  • 1947 Mitt Romney
    American businessman, politician, 70th Governor of Massachusetts
  • 1946 Liza Minnelli
    American actress, singer, dancer
  • 1922 Jack Kerouac
    American author, poet
  • 1864 W. H. R. Rivers
    English anthropologist, neurologist, ethnologist, psychiatrist
  • 2015 Terry Pratchett
    English author
  • 1999 Yehudi Menuhin
    American/Swiss violinist, conductor
  • 1955 Charlie Parker
    American saxophonist, composer
  • 1925 Sun Yat-sen
    Chinese revolutionary, politician, 1st President of the Republic of China
  • 1914 George Westinghouse
    American engineer, inventor
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